findwindow/main.cpp

/*
 * MIT License
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2025 Vanessa T. <nessa@neko-tools.de>
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
 * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 * SOFTWARE.
 */

#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <ranges>
#include <numeric>
#include <regex>
#include <map>

#include "CommandLine.h"
#include "Utility.h"
#include "Process.h"
#include "Window.h"
#include "PrintHelper.h"

void showError(const std::string &msg) {
    std::cerr << msg << std::endl;
}

void usage() {
    std::wcout << L"FindWindow - a utility for discovering and managing Windows\n\n";
    std::wcout << L"Usage: findwindow [options]\n\n";

    std::wcout << L"Regex search and filtering options:\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -p, --process-id <pid>        Filter windows by process ID\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -I, --image-path <regex>      Search processes by image file path regex\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -W, --window-title <regex>    Search windows by title regex\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -T, --text <regex>            Search for text within windows\n";

    std::wcout << L"Process and Window Options:\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -f, --foreground              Bring matching windows to foreground\n";

    std::wcout << L"Process listing options:\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -l, --list-processes          List all accessible processes\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -o, --order <option>          Sort processes by:\n";
    std::wcout << L"                                  pid  - Sort by Process ID\n";
    std::wcout << L"                                  path - Sort by Image Path\n";
    std::wcout << L"                                  ram  - Sort by Memory Usage\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -r, --reverse                 Reverse the sorting order\n\n";

    std::wcout << L"Other options:\n";
    std::wcout << L"  -h, --help                    Show this help message\n\n";

    std::wcout << L"Examples:\n";
    std::wcout << L"  findwindow -p 1234            Find windows for specific process ID\n";
    std::wcout << L"  findwindow -l                 List all accessible processes\n";
    std::wcout << L"  findwindow -l -o pid -r       List processes sorted by PID in reverse\n";
    std::wcout << L"  findwindow -p 1234 -f         Find and bring windows to foreground\n";
    std::wcout << L"  findwindow -I \"chrome\\.exe\"   Find processes with image path containing \"chrome.exe\"\n";
    std::wcout << L"  findwindow -W \"Notepad\"       Find windows with title containing \"Notepad\"\n";
    std::wcout << L"  findwindow -T \"Submit\"        Find windows containing text matching \"Submit\"\n";
}

void printProcessAndWindows(const Process &process, const std::list<Window> &windows, bool bringToForeground) {
    std::wcout << L"Process ID: " << process.processId() << std::endl;
    std::wcout << L"Process image path: " << process.imagePath() << std::endl;
    if (!process.isLimited()) std::wcout << L"Process memory usage: " << process.ramUsage() << std::endl;

    auto processWindows = windows | std::views::filter([&](auto &window) {
        return window.processId() == process.processId();
    });

    if (!processWindows.empty()) {
        std::wcout << L"Found main windows for process " << process.processId() << ": " << std::endl;
        for (auto window: processWindows) {
            if (window.isMainWindow()) {
                auto formattedHwnd = std::to_wstring(reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(window.handle()));
                auto title = window.title();

                std::wcout << "  <" << formattedHwnd;
                if (title.empty()) {
                    std::wcout << ":no title>";
                } else {
                    std::wcout << ">";
                }
                std::wcout << " " << title << std::endl;

                if (bringToForeground) window.bringToForeground();
            }
        }
    } else {
        std::cout << "No window found for process " << process.processId() << std::endl;
    }

}

void findWindows(const CommandLine &cmdLine) {
    auto windows = Window::enumWindows();
    std::map<DWORD, Process> processCache;

    if (cmdLine.processId > 0) {
        DWORD processId = cmdLine.processId;

        windows.remove_if([&](auto &window) {
            return window.processId() != processId;
        });
    } else if (!cmdLine.imagePath.empty()) {
        auto regex = std::wregex(stringToWString(cmdLine.imagePath), std::regex_constants::ECMAScript | std::regex_constants::icase);
        windows.remove_if([&](auto &window) {
            try {
                auto processId = window.processId();
                auto &process = processCache.try_emplace(processId, processId).first->second;
                process.open();
                auto imagePath = process.imagePath();

                return !std::regex_search(imagePath, regex);
            } catch (std::exception &e) {
                return true;
            }
        });
    } else if (!cmdLine.windowTitle.empty()) {
        auto regex = std::wregex(stringToWString(cmdLine.windowTitle), std::regex_constants::ECMAScript | std::regex_constants::icase);
        windows.remove_if([&](auto &window) {
            return !window.isMainWindow() || !std::regex_search(window.title(), regex);
        });
    } else if (!cmdLine.text.empty()) {
        auto regex = std::wregex(stringToWString(cmdLine.text), std::regex_constants::ECMAScript | std::regex_constants::icase);
        windows.remove_if([&](auto &window) {
            return !std::regex_search(window.title(), regex);
        });
    }

    // Map all windows to their process
    std::map<DWORD, std::list<Window>> processWindows;
    for (auto &window: windows) {
        auto processId = window.processId();
        auto &process = processCache.try_emplace(processId, processId).first->second;
        auto &windowList = processWindows.try_emplace(window.processId(), std::list<Window>{}).first->second;
        windowList.push_back(window);
    }

    for (auto &[processId, windowList]: processWindows) {
        auto [it, inserted] = processCache.try_emplace(processId, processId);
        if (!it->second.isOpen()) {
            it->second.open();
        }

        printProcessAndWindows(it->second, windows, cmdLine.bringToForeground);
    }
}

void listProcesses(const CommandLine &cmdLine) {
    auto processes = Process::enumerate();

    // Remove all processes we can't open
    std::erase_if(processes, [](auto &process) {
        try {
            process.open();
            return false;
        } catch (std::exception &e) {
            std::cerr << e.what() << std::endl;
            return true;
        }
    });

    std::vector<std::size_t> indexes(processes.size());
    std::iota(std::begin(indexes), std::end(indexes), std::size_t{0});

    switch (cmdLine.sortOrder) {
        case CommandLine::SortOrder::None:
            break;
        case CommandLine::SortOrder::ProcessId:
            std::sort(indexes.begin(), indexes.end(), [&](auto &a, auto &b) -> bool {
                return processes[a].processId() < processes[b].processId();
            });
            break;
        case CommandLine::SortOrder::ImagePath:
            std::sort(indexes.begin(), indexes.end(), [&](auto &a, auto &b) -> bool {
                std::wstring pathA;
                std::wstring pathB;
                try {
                    pathA = processes[a].imagePath();
                    pathB = processes[b].imagePath();
                } catch (std::exception &e) {}
                return pathA < pathB;
            });
            break;
        case CommandLine::SortOrder::RamUsage:
            std::sort(indexes.begin(), indexes.end(), [&](auto &a, auto &b) -> bool {
                size_t usageA = 0;
                size_t usageB = 0;
                try {
                    usageA = processes[a].ramUsage().peakWorkingSetSize;
                    usageB = processes[b].ramUsage().peakWorkingSetSize;
                } catch (std::exception &e) {}
                return usageA < usageB;
            });
            break;
    }
    if (cmdLine.reverseOrder && cmdLine.sortOrder != CommandLine::SortOrder::None) {
        std::reverse(indexes.begin(), indexes.end());
    }

    auto consoleWidth = getConsoleDimensions().w;
    std::wcout << InlineHeader<Process>{consoleWidth} << std::endl;
    for (auto &i: indexes) {
        auto &process = processes[i];
        try {
            process.open();
            std::wcout << InlinePrint<Process>{consoleWidth, process} << std::endl;
        } catch (std::exception &e) {
            std::wcout << process.processId() << L" unable to open process: " << e.what() << std::endl;
        }
    }
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
    try {
        CommandLine cmdLine;
        cmdLine.parse(convertCommandLine(argc, argv));

        if (cmdLine.showHelp) {
            usage();
            return EXIT_SUCCESS;
        }

        if (cmdLine.listProcesses) {
            listProcesses(cmdLine);
        } else {
            findWindows(cmdLine);
        }


    } catch (std::exception &e) {
        showError(e.what());

        return EXIT_FAILURE;
    }

    return 0;
}